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語法是學習英語入門的基礎，在初中英語學習階段尤為重要。掌握好英語語法學習的常見考點，能夠使未來的英語學習更加游刃有余。昂立外語為大家整理了初中英語語法學習知識點匯總，供大家學習參考。本篇講的是初中英語語法動詞變化的一覽表，希望能夠對各位同學們有所幫助。
動詞詞形變化一覽表：
(1)規則動詞變化表：
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規 則變 化
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原形動詞結尾情況
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現在時單三人稱
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現 在 分 詞
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過去式和過去分詞
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一般情況
|
+s
|
+ing
|
+ed
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s,x,ch,sh,o結尾
|
+es
|
+ing
|
+ed
| |
輔音字母+y結尾
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y→i,+es
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+ing
|
y→i,+ed
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重讀閉音節一元一輔結尾
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+s
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雙寫輔音字母,+ing
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雙寫輔音字母,+ed
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不發音的e結尾
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+s
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去掉e,+ing
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+d
| |
ie結尾
|
+s
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ie→y,+ing
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+d
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不規則變化
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have→has；be→is
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(無)
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(見不規則動詞變化表)
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注意：①在加ing或ed時動詞如果以“r”結尾,尾音節又重讀的動詞,“r”應雙寫。
②s/es的讀音規則：在清輔音后讀[s]；在濁輔音后和元音后讀[z]；在[ s ]、[ F]、[z]、[tF]、[dV]后讀[iz].
③ed的讀音規則：在清輔音后讀[t]；在濁輔音后和元音后讀[d]；在[t]、[d]后讀[id].
(2)不規則動詞變化表：( 原形 → 過去式 → 過去分詞)
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be(am,is)
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was
|
been
|
|
lose
|
lost
|
lost
| | |
be(are)
|
were
|
been
|
|
make
|
made
|
made
| | |
beat
|
beat
|
beaten
|
|
may
|
might
|
| | |
become
|
became
|
become
|
|
mean
|
meant
|
meant
| | |
begin
|
began
|
begun
|
|
meet
|
met
|
met
| | |
blow
|
blew
|
blown
|
|
mistake
|
mistook
|
mistaken
| | |
break
|
broke
|
broken
|
|
must
|
must
|
| | |
bring
|
brought
|
brought
|
|
pay
|
paid
|
paid
| | |
build
|
built
|
built
|
|
put
|
put
|
put
| | |
buy
|
bought
|
bought
|
|
read
|
read
|
Read
| | |
can
|
could
|
|
|
ride
|
rode
|
ridden
| | |
catch
|
caught
|
caught
|
|
ring
|
rang
|
rung
| | |
choose
|
chose
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chosen
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|
rise
|
rose
|
risen
| | |
come
|
came
|
come
|
|
run
|
ran
|
run
| | |
cost
|
cost
|
cost
|
|
say
|
said
|
said
| | |
cut
|
cut
|
cut
|
|
see
|
saw
|
seen
| | |
dig
|
dug
|
dug
|
|
sell
|
sold
|
sold
| | |
do
|
did
|
done
|
|
send
|
sent
|
sent
| | |
draw
|
drew
|
drawn
|
|
set
|
set
|
set
| | |
drink
|
drank
|
drunk
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|
shall
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should
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| | |
drive
|
drove
|
driven
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|
shine
|
shone
|
shone
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eat
|
ate
|
eaten
|
|
show
|
showed
|
shown
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fall
|
fell
|
fallen
|
|
shut
|
shut
|
shut
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feel
|
felt
|
felt
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|
sing
|
sang
|
sung
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find
|
found
|
found
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|
sink
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sank/sunk
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sunk/sunken
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fly
|
flew
|
flown
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sit
|
set
|
set
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forget
|
forgot
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forgot/forgotten
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sleep
|
slept
|
slept
| |
freeze
|
froze
|
frozen
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smell
|
smelt
|
smelt
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get
|
got
|
got
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speak
|
spoke
|
spoken
| |
give
|
gave
|
given
|
|
spend
|
spent
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spent
| |
go
|
went
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gone
|
|
spill
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spilt
|
spilt
| |
grow
|
grew
|
grown
|
|
spoil
|
spoilt
|
spoilt
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hang
|
hung/hanged
|
hung/hanged
|
|
stand
|
stood
|
stood
| |
have(has)
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had
|
had
|
|
sweep
|
swept
|
swept
| |
hear
|
heard
|
heard
|
|
swim
|
swam
|
swum
| |
hide
|
hid
|
hidden
|
|
take
|
took
|
taken
| |
hit
|
hit
|
hit
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teach
|
taught
|
taught
| |
hold
|
held
|
held
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tell
|
told
|
told
| |
hurt
|
hurt
|
hurt
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think
|
thought
|
thought
| |
keep
|
kept
|
kept
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throw
|
threw
|
thrown
| |
know
|
knew
|
known
|
|
understand
|
understood
|
understood
| |
lay
|
laid
|
laid
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wake
|
woke/waked
|
woken/waked
| |
learn
|
learnt/learned
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learnt/learned
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wear
|
wore
|
worn
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leave
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left
|
left
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will
|
would
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lend
|
lent
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lent
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win
|
won
|
won
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let
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let
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let
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write
|
wrote
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witten
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lie
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lay
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lain
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|
|
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| | | | | | | | | |
3、be(“是/存在”)動詞的各種時態變化：
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一 般 現 在 時
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一 般 將 來 時
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現 在 完 成 時
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I am….
You are.…
He/She/It is….
We/You/They are….
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(I等各人稱) will
be….
I am
He/She/It is going to
be…
We/You/They are
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I have been….
You have been….
She/he/It has been….
We/You/They have been….
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一 般 過 去 時
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過 去 將 來 時
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過 去 完 成 時
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I was….
You were.…
He/She/It was….
We/You/They were….
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(I等各人稱) would
be….
I was
He/She/It was going to
be…
We/You/They were
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I had been….
You had been….
She/he/It had been….
We/You/They had been….
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注意：句型變化時,
否定句在am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would
后面加not,而且not都可以縮寫為n’t (am后面not不可以縮寫)；
疑問句將am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would
提前到句首。
4、其它謂語動詞(主動語態)的時態變化一覽表：
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現在 時態
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一 般 現 在 時
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現 在 進 行 時
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一 般 將 來 時
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現 在 完 成 時
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謂語動詞構成
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動詞用原形(單三加s / es)
(問句和否定句借用助詞do / does)
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am
is+動詞-ing
are
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will + 動詞原形
am
is +going to+動詞原形
are
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have +過去分詞
has
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過去 時態
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一 般 過 去 時
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過 去 進 行 時
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過 去 將 來 時
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過 去 完 成 時
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謂語動詞構成
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動詞用過去式
(問句和否定句借用助詞did)
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was
+動詞-ing
were
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would + 動詞原形
was
+going to+動詞原形
were
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had +過去分詞
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